For ps_udiv in test_shader_instructions, the spirv is:

         %45 = OpINotEqual %bool %43 %uint_0
         %47 = OpUDiv %uint %36 %43
         %48 = OpSelect %uint %45 %47 %uint_4294967295
         %49 = OpUMod %uint %36 %43
         %50 = OpSelect %uint %45 %49 %uint_4294967295

According to the spirv spec, it's an undefined behavior if Operand 2 is 0 for OpUDiv/SDiv and OpUMod/SMod.
And it can be avoided by using OpBranchConditional instead of OpSelect.

OpUDiv:
Unsigned-integer division of Operand 1 divided by Operand 2.
Result Type must be a scalar or vector of integer type, whose Signedness operand is 0.
The types of Operand 1 and Operand 2 both must be the same as Result Type.
Results are computed per component. Behavior is undefined if Operand 2 is 0.

BTW, if we convert the following glsl with glslang

    uint particleIn = particlesIn[gl_LocalInvocationIndex];
    particlesOut[gl_LocalInvocationIndex] = particleIn != 0 ? 65536 / particleIn : 4294967295;

the assembly result is

         %26 = OpLoad %uint %particleIn
         %29 = OpINotEqual %bool %26 %uint_0
               OpSelectionMerge %32 None
               OpBranchConditional %29 %31 %36
         %31 = OpLabel
         %34 = OpLoad %uint %particleIn
         %35 = OpUDiv %uint %uint_65536 %34
               OpStore %30 %35
               OpBranch %32
         %36 = OpLabel
               OpStore %30 %uint_4294967295
               OpBranch %32
         %32 = OpLabel

So it seems glslang would also use OpBranchConditional in this similar case.